| 17 October 2011 |
The Security Council received a briefing via video-conference by the head of MONUSCO, Roger Meece.
|
| 3 October 2011 |
An expert level meeting was held to allow DPKO to provide information on the gaps created by the lack of helicopters in MONUSCO.
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| 20 September 2011 |
In a letter circulated to Council members (S/2011/589), the Secretary-General stated that the lack of military helicopters in MONUSCO had become acute.
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| 8 July 2011 |
Members fo the DRC sanctions committee agreed to post updated indicators on individuals on the DRC sanctions list and the consolidated simplified version of the due diligence guidelines from the 2010 annual report of the group of experts on the committee’s website.
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| 28 June 2011 |
The Council adopted resolution 1991, extending the mandate of MONUSCO until 30 June 2012.
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| 18 May 2011 |
The Council held a debate on the DRC, and adopted a presidential statement, applauding the cooperation of the DRC government with MONUSCO.
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| 12 May 2011 |
The Secretary-General’s final report requested in resolution 1925 was distributed.
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| 10 May 2011 |
During an open debate on the protection of civilians in armed conflict, the head of the New York office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights reported that the DRC was preparing to establish a special chamber to investigate and prosecute serious violations of international law, including mass killings, sexual violence and displacement. |
| 14 April 2011 |
In a briefing on Women, Peace, and Security, Margot Wallström told the Council that 185 rapes of Congolese women and girls were recorded in January along the Angola-DRC border, and outlined the results of her visit to Angola in mid-March.
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| 25 March 2011 |
The UN Human Rights Council adopted a resolution urging the government of the DRC to redouble its efforts to end all violations of human rights and bring perpetrators to justice.
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| 8 March 2011 |
Members of the DRC Group of Experts met with the DRC Sanctions Committee ahead of their deployment to the DRC.
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| 23 February 2011 |
Margot Wallström, the Secretary-General's special representative for sexual violence in conflict reported that at least 182 rapes had allegedly taken place in January, in seven border villages along the DRC- Angola border.Wallström added that many of these acts were committed by various official forces of Angola.
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| 21 February 2011 |
A military mobile court in Baraka, South Kivu sentenced Lt. Col. Kibibi Mutware and three of his subordinate officers to 20 years imprisonment. Mutware was convicted of four counts of crimes against humanity for sending his troops to rape, beat and loot in Fizi on New Year's Day. Five other soldiers received sentences between 10-15 years.
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28 January 2011
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MONUSCO reported that at least 53 rapes were commited in the Moyens Plateaux in South Kivu, allegedly involving members of the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR).
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25 January 2011
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Callixte Mbarushimana, the Executive Secretary of the FDLR arrested in France on 11 October 2010, was transferred to the International Criminal Court (ICC) on. Mbarushimana is charged with 11 counts of crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in the DRC in 2009.
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| 16 January 2011 |
The Congolese parliament approved constitutional amendments that will allow the president to be elected by a simple majority in the 27 November election, thus eliminating second round voting.
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31 December 2010 - 1 January 2011
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FARDC soldiers allegedly committed at least 32 acts of rape in the village of Bushani, in North Kivu. On New Year’s Day, members of the FARDC reportedly committed acts of sexual violence involving at least fifty women in the town of Fizi, in South Kivu. The officer in charge of the soldiers, Lt. Col. Kibibi Mutware, believed to be responsible for the Fizi attacks, three additional officers and 11 soldiers have been detained.
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16 December 2010
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The Council adopted resolution 1960, requesting the Secretary-General to establish a monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangement on conflict-related sexual violence. The resolution reiterated the Council’s intention, when adopting or renewing targeted sanctions, to consider including, where relevant, criteria for sanctioning individuals for acts of sexual violence.
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1 December 2010
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the DRC sanctions committee added four people to the list of individuals and entities subject to the assets freeze and travel ban. Three of the individuals listed are members of the FDLR, while the fourth is a lieutenant colonel in the FARDC listed for several human rights violations.
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29 November 2010
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The Council received a report from its group of experts on sanctions (S/2010/596). The report discussed the illegal exploitation of natural resources by armed groups and elements within the Congolese National Army (FARDC). The report recommended new due-diligence standards for importers, processors and consumers of minerals from the eastern part of the DRC.
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22 November 2010
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The trial of Jean-Pierre Bemba, former vice president of the DRC, began at the ICC. Bemba, leader of the Movement for the Liberation of Congo (MLC), is charged with war crimes and crimes against humanity allegedly committed in the neighbouring Central African Republic (CAR).
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23 October 2010
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Some fifty men attacked a UN peacekeeping base in North Kivu province. Eight of the perpetrators were killed in the incident, while two others were injured. initial reports indicate that the attackers are from the Mai-Mai militia group.
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15 October 2010
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The UN Refugee Agency reported increased attacks and population displacement in central Africa, including the DRC, caused by the Lord’s Resistance Army in the last few weeks.
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14 October 2010
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the Secretary-General’s Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict, Margot Wallström, briefed the Council.Wallström expressed concern over recent reports on the involvement of soldiers of the FARDC in rapes and looting.
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11 October 2010
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The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs reported that the security situation in North and South Kivu provinces continues to deteriorate, with daily reports of assassination, rape and extortion.
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8 October 2010
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The Appeals Chamber of the ICC decided to resume the trial of Thomas Lubanga Dyilo, founder and leader of the Union of Congolese Patriots in the Ituri region.
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5 October 2010
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DRC Government forces and MONUSCO siezed "Lieutenant Colonel Mayele", one of the rebel leaders suspected of being behind the mass rapes in Walikale that took place in late July and and early August.
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1 October 2010
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A mapping exercise by the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights was released, reporting on serious violations of international human rights during the period from 1993 to 2003.
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18 September 2010
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The DRC’s defence and veteran’s minister and Uganda’s defence minister met to discuss joint operations against the LRA and the ongoing operations against the ADF-NALU.
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17 September 2010
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The Council issued a presidential statement (S/PRST/2010/17) declaring its readiness to consider all appropriate actions, including targeted measures, against the perpetrators of the attacks in Walikale.
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14 September 2010
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The Department of Peacekeeping Operations produced a non-paper for Council members containing recommendations on enhancing protection of civilians in the DRC.
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8 September 2010
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Members of the Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict expressed strong condemnation of the events in Walikale and highlighted the fact that there had been 32 cases of rape against children.
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7 September 2010
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Assistant Secretary-General in the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations, Atul Khare, acknowledged that MONUSCO's response to the rapes in Walikale was inadequate. In a breifing to the Council, he reported on rapes committed by elements of the Congolese military (FARDC) in South Kivu.
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30 August 2010
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The Secretary-General's Special Representative for the DRC and Head of MONUSCO, Roger Meece, announced that MONUSCO has launched a review of its actions and procedures to assess what could have been done better to protect and assist the victims inWalikale.
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26 August 2010
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Director of Africa II Division of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, Raisedon Zenenga, briefed Council members on the Walikale incident in closed consultations.In a press statement (SC/10016) following the meeting the Security Council members called upon the government to ensure that the perpetrators are brought to justice.
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11 August 2010
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Human Rights Watch reported the Ugandan rebel Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) had abducted more than 697 adults and children in the Bas Uele district of northern DRC and in the Central African Republic (CAR) over the past 18 months.
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30 July - 2 August 2010
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Rebel groups raided some 13 villages in the North Kivu province’s Walikale area and committed mass rape. One of the affected villages was reportedly 30 kilometres from a MONUSCO forward operating base in Kibua where 80 military personnel are stationed.
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25 July 2010
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A delegation from the electoral assistance division of the UN Department of Political Affairs visited the DRC to evaluate the role, modalities and scope of possible electoral assistance.
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9 July 2010
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The Secretary-General appointed Lieutenant General Chander Prakash of India as the Force COmmander for MONUSCO, succeeding Lieutenant General Babacar Gaye of Senegal.
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1 July 2010
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The UN Mission in the DRC (MONUC) is renamed the UN Organization Stabilization MIssion in the DRC (MONUSCO). Roger A. Meece replaces Alan Doss as the Secretary-General's Special Representative for the DRC and Head of MONUSCO.
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27 May 2010
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The Council discussed the interim report of Sanctions' Group of Experts (S/2010/252) in closed consultations.
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19 May 2010
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The Permanent Representative of France, Gerard Araud, briefed the Council on the 13 -16 May Council Mission to the DRC. The Council visited Kinshasa and met with President Joseph Kabila, Prime Miniser Adolphe Muzito and other ministers, parliamentarians, international agencies and civil society. Also on 19 May Kevin Kennedy, the team leader for the Great Lakes Integrated Operation Team briefed Council experts in a closed session on the outcome of the 1-10 May inter-agency mission to the DRC to assess on the implementation of MONUC’s conditionality policy.
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10 May 2010
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Under-Secretary-General and Emergency Relief Coordinator John Holmes briefed Council experts in a closed session on his early May visit to the DRC. Holmes visited South Kivu, Orientale Province and Equateur Province.
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13 April 2010
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Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of MONUC Alan Doss briefed the Council in an open debate. Closed consultations were held after the briefing.
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12 - 18 April 2010
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The Secretary-General’s Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict Margot Wallström visited the DRC.
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7 April 2010
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Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of MONUC Alan Doss briefed MONUC troop- and police-contributing countries in a meeting of Security Council experts held in private.
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4 April 2010
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Enyele insurgents attacked the governor’s residence and the national assembly before temporarily taking the airport in Mbandaka, the capital of Equateur province. The FARDC with MONUC in support regained control of the airport on 5 April. The fighting reportedly led to the deaths of seven Congolese soldiers, 3 policemen, 21 rebels, 2 civilians and three MONUC officers. Inter-communal clashes over the control of fishing points in Dongo has led to the internal and cross-border displacement of nearly 200,000 people since late October 2009.
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23 March 2010
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An Arria entitled "Support to institutional capacity building in DRC: challenges of consolidating rule of law and security sector reform." was held at the political coordinator level. Presentations were made by the Open Society Institute, International Crisis Group, International Federation for Human Rights and the EU Special Envoy for the Great Lakes region, Ambassador Roland Van de Geer.
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18 March 2010
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Alain Le Roy again briefed the Council in closed sessions on his visit to the DRC.
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17 March 2010
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Director of the Africa II Division in the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, Raisedon Zenenga, briefed Council experts in a closed session on the outcomes of the DPKO-led technical assessment mission to the DRC.
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11 - 14 March 2010
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LRA rebels reportedly killed at least 11 civilians and 8 troops in attacks in Orientale Province.
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5 March 2010
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Head of UN Peacekeeping, Alain Le Roy, briefed the Council in a closed session following his visit to Kinshasa and discussions with the government on the reconfiguration of MONUC.
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26 February 2010
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MONUC and the FARDC launched joint operations under Operation Amani Leo to protect civilians and to eliminate the threat of the Rwandan Hutu rebel FDLR and other armed groups in North and South Kivu provinces.
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22 - 5 March 2010
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A technical assessment mission (TAM) was dispatched to the DRC to determine the modalities for the reconfiguration of the mandate of MONUC, in particular the critical tasks which need to be accomplished before MONUC can envisage drawdown without triggering a relapse into insecurity. The TAM's findings are contained in S/2010/164.
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19 February 2010
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DRC President Joseph Kabila reshuffled his cabinet, changing twenty posts. No posts were allocated to former rebel groups whose units have been integrated into the national army.
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18 February 2010
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Council experts were briefed by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations ahead of the Council's technical assessment mission to the DRC.
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16 February 2010
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MONUC officials briefed Council experts in a closed meeting on the Integrated Strategic Framework (ISF) and MONUC’s protection strategy. MONUC Force Commander Lieutenant General Babacar Gaye, briefed Troop-Contributing Countries (TCCs).
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2 February 2010
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The Secretary-General appointed European Commission Vice-President Margot Wallström as his Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict.
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7 January 2010
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Thomas Lubanga Dyilo’s defence began at the ICC. (Lubanga faces two counts of war crimes: enlisting and conscripting child soldiers and using them in hostilities in the DRC.)
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December 2009
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The Ugandan rebel Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) reportedly killed 83 civilians in the Haut-Uélé district of Orientale province.
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23 December 2009
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The Council adopted resolution 1906 which reprioritised MONUC's focus onto protection of civilians and addressed in detail violations of international law.
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24 November 2009
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A trial against two former Congolese rebel leaders for crimes allegedly committed by their militias in eastern DRC in 2003 began in the Hague at the International Criminal Court.
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17 November 2009
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The German authorities arrested two FDLR leaders, Ignace Murwanashyaka and Straton Musoni, on suspicion of crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in eastern DRC
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16 December 2009
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The Secretary-General’s Special Representative and head of MONUC, Alan Doss, briefed the Council.
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15 November 2009
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The US provided $17 million to support Kinshasa in its efforts to end sexual violence against women.
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2 November 2009
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Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations Alain Le Roy visited the DRC including North Kivu, South Kivu and Orientale provinces in eastern DRC.
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27 October 2009
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Rebels from the FDLR ambushed a civilian vehicle in Rutshuru, North Kivu, killing ten civilians.
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20 September 2009
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Grégoire Ndahimana, a high-level FDLR figure indicted by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda for his role in the 1994 genocide, was handed over to the court following his arrest in eastern DRC by the Congolese army on 10 August.
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7 September 2009
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Two UN reports on human rights violations carried out both by the Congolese army and rebel groups in the eastern DRC were issued by the UN Joint Human Rights Office.
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4 September 2009
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MONUC reported the desertion of hundreds of former rebels who had been integrated into the Congolese army. Renegades cited dissatisfaction with salaries and assigned military ranks.
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3 September 2009
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The International Criminal Court’s Appeal Chamber decided that Jean-Pierre Bemba, a former Congolese vice-president and opposition leader, charged with having committed war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Central African Republic, should remain in custody ahead of his trial.
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6 August 2009
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President Joseph Kabila of the DRC met his Rwandan counterpart, Paul Kagame in Goma, the provincial capital of North Kivu. The meeting resulted in pledges by both leaders to continue their joint efforts to address the destabilising presence of the FDLR in the DRC.
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10 July 2009
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The Council issued a press statement in which it "undertook to continue to monitor progress" by the Congolese authorities to address impunity in the national security forces.
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10 July 2009
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The Council was briefed in an open meeting by Alan Doss, the Secretary-General’s Special Representative in the DRC and the head of MONUC.
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15 June 2009
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The ICC confirmed that the former Congolese Vice-President Jean-Pierre Bemba would face charges relating to the actions of his former rebel Movement for the Liberation of Congo (Mouvement de Libération du Congo, or MLC) troops in the Central African Republic in 2002 and 2003.
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5 June 2009
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A Congolese military court handed down thirty-year sentences to five militia fighters, found guilty of rape and other sexual crimes, and ordered them to pay financial damages to more than 135 female victims.
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14 to 21 May 2009
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UN Security Council members visited the DRC as part of a mission to Africa.
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7 May 2009
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Congolese parliamentarians adopted a law granting amnesty to militias in the east of the country, as part of the process to bring peace to provinces of North and South Kivu. The amnesty covers acts of war committed since 2003 but not war crimes, nor does the amnesty legislation apply to crimes committed by foreign rebel groups.
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14 to 21 April 2009
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The Secretary-General's Special Representative for Children and Armed Conflict, Radhika Coomaraswamy, visited DRC to assess the situation of children in the eastern conflict areas.
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23 March 2009
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The Congolese government and the rebel National Congress for the Defence of the People (Congrés national pour la defense du peuple or CNDP) signed a key political and security agreement in Goma.
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5 March 2009
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Former Mai Mai militia commander Gédéon Kyungu Mutanga and twenty other Mai Mai combatants were convicted by a Congolese military court of crimes including those against humanity. The court also ruled that the DRC government had civil liability for its failure to disarm the Mai Mai and awarded damages to victims.
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3 March 2009
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The Council’s DRC Sanctions Committee added four individuals to its travel ban and assets freeze list: Callixte Mbarushimana, Stanislas Nzeyimana, Pacifique Ntawunguka, and Leopold Mujyambere. In an important development, the reasons for listing the last three included the abduction and sexual abuse of girls and the recruitment and use of child soldiers.
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Feb - March 2009
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The joint action with Rwanda against the rebel Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (Forces démocratiques de libération du Rwanda or FDLR) in eastern DRC ended. Rwandan troops withdrew at the end of February, and the Ugandan army commenced withdrawal on 16 March.
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19 February 2009
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The Secretary-General wrote to the Council (S/2009/105) to inform it about the recently revised concept of operations and rules of engagement for MONUC.
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12 February 2009
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Following a round of consultations with concerned parties in Goma, Olusegun Obasanjo, indicated that talks will resume soon between the Congolese government and the National Congress for the Defense of the People (CNDP).
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6-10 February 2009
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UN Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, John Holmes, visited the DRC to assess the humanitarian situation in country.
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8 February 2009
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A MONUC disarmament, demobilisation, repatriation, resettlement and reintegration (DDRRR) team discovered that some 150 Rwanda Hutu ex-combatants, who had voluntarily disarmed in July 2008, had fled their camp in Kasiski 200 kilometres north of Goma.
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| 28 January 2009 |
MONUC accepted an invitation to second staff to the headquarters of the operation and announced its willingness to provide other assistance (including monitoring and mentoring) to the joint military operation as well as to help with the reintegration of Nkunda’s Congrés national pour la defense du peuple, or CNDP troops and repatriation to Rwanda of FDLR members.
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| 27 January 2009 |
The UN Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide briefed the Council in a private discussion following his visit to DRC in late 2008.
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| 27 January 2009 |
The Secretary-General wrote to the Council informing it about difficulties being encountered in ongoing attempts to secure additional troops and capacities for MONUC.
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26 January 2009
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The trial of Thomas Lubanga, a former Congolese militia leader, opened. He is accused of recruiting child soldiers and is the first defendant to appear before the ICC since its inception.
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23 January 2009
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The Rwandan authorities detained Nkunda, the CNDP leader. The DRC immediately requested his extradition on the grounds that he was Congolese and had committed crimes in the DRC.
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20 January 2009
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Rwandan troops crossed the border with DRC consent to undertake a joint operation with the DRC forces against the FDLR.
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12-15 January 2009
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Hearings were held by ICC judges on charges of crimes against humanity and war crimes against former Congolese rebel warlord Jean-Pierre Bemba.
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Early January
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One of the Congrés national pour la defense du peuple's (CNDP) main commanders, Jean-Bosco Ntaganda—an ICC indictee—challenged Nkunda’s continued leadership of the CNDP and defected to cooperate with DRC government forces.
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| 22 December 2008 |
The Council, in renewing MONUC’s mandate, extended authorisation of an increase in troop levels, and clarified the mandate, stressing protection of civilians as top priority. The Council also expanded sanctions to target individuals impeding humanitarian assistance or supporting armed groups operating in eastern DRC through illicit trade of natural resources.
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| 17 - 21 December 2008 |
Peace talks resumed, but were suspended again after four days, having failed to produce any agreement. The rebels declined to recommit to the November ceasefire declaration.
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| 14 December 2008 |
Forces from the DRC, Uganda, and southern Sudan launched a joint military operation against Uganda’s Lord’s Resistance Army in eastern DRC, destroying the main LRA camp in the area.
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| 5 December 2008 |
The governments of Rwanda and the DRC agreed on a joint military operational plan against the FDLR, or Forces Démocratiques de la Libération du Rwanda.
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| Early December 2008 |
Direct talks facilitated by Olusegun Obasanjo the Secretary-General’s Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region and former Tanzanian President Benjamin Mkapa, representing the African Union and the International Conference on the Great Lakes, were convened in Nairobi in early December between representatives of the DRC government and CNDP. Neither Congolese President Joseph Kabila nor CNDP leader Laurent Nkunda were present. Other rebel groups were invited, but did not attend. Talks were suspended after four days.
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| 1 December 2008 |
At a special session on the human rights situation in eastern DRC, the Human Rights Council adopted a resolution expressing concern at the deteriorating human rights and humanitarian situation in North Kivu.
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| 24 November 2008 |
The UN Secretary-General submitted recommendations to the Security Council on MONUC’s future mandate and reconfiguration.
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| 20 November 2008 |
Security Council adopted a resolution authorising a temporary increase of MONUC’s troop size by up to 3085 additional personnel, in line with recommendations made by the Secretariat on 3 October.
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| 18 November 2008 |
The ICC decided to proceed with the trial of former Congolese rebel leader Thomas Lubanga accused of using child soldiers.
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16 November 2008
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Obasanjo met Nkunda, who pledged to observe a ceasefire and announced that his forces would retire from the frontlines to create a zone of separation to allow in humanitarian aid.
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9 November 2008
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The Executive Secretary of the Southern African Development Community indicated that it would send military advisers to help the DRC "if and when necessary".
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7 November 2008
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The Secretary-General and Obasanjo, attended a summit in Nairobi with key regional players including presidents Joseph Kabila of the DRC and Paul Kagame of Rwanda and Jakaya Kikwete of Tanzania (president of the AU) to deliberate on the DRC problem.
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7 November 2008
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The Special Adviser of the Secretary-General on the Prevention of Genocide, Francis Deng, issued a statement on the DRC expressing concern about the recent escalation of violence.
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4 November 2008
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The UN Secretary-General appointed former Nigerian president Olusegun Obasanjo as special envoy for the DRC.
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3 November 2008
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The EU held a ministerial meeting on the DRC. The possibility of sending a temporary EU multinational force to bolster MONUC did not gain support.
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1 November 2008
|
DRC government forces clashed with LRA fighters in Dungu resulting in the deaths of three government soldiers and the LRA abducting 36 boys and 21 girls.
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Late October 2008
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Renegade General Laurent Nkunda announced an immediate ceasefire.
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27 and 28 October 2008
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Congolese protesters attacked the UN's headquarters in Goma over what they saw as insufficient protection for them and support to Congolese government forces against the offensive by Nkunda’s forces. UN peacekeepers were reported to have deployed to battle the rebels, using UN helicopter gunships and ground forces against the rebels in Rumangabo.
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27 October 2008
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Lieutenant General Vicente Diaz de Villegas y Herrería of Spain indicated that he would relinquish his post as force commander for MONUC, citing personal reasons. Brigadier General Ishmeel Ben Quartey of Ghana was named to Acting Force Commander.
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26 October 2008
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The UN accused Nkunda’s soldiers of firing rockets at two UN vehicles, injuring several peacekeepers. The accusation was denied by a spokesman for Nkunda.
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25 October 2008
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Nkunda’s forces captured a major Congolese army base at Rumangabo and the headquarters of Virunga National Park.
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13 October 2008
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MONUC freed 13 children from forced recruitment by illegal armed groups in North Kivu. The mission was said to have come under fire from Nkunda’s forces during the operation, compelling the peacekeepers to return fire, wounding one rebel fighter in the process.
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10 and 11 October 2008
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A new rebel coalition, the Front Populaire pour la Justice au Congo (FPJC) opened fire on the outskirts of Bunia in north-east DRC, causing local residents to halt everyday business.
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10 October 2008
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DRC reiterated its 8 October request to the Council with photographs of what it described as “irrefutable proof of Rwanda’s involvement in the recent clashes in North Kivu.”
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10 October 2008
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Congolese President Joseph Kabila made a televised appeal for the population in the eastern part of the country to take up arms against Nkunda.
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10 October 2008
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MONUC indicated that Nkunda’s forces had been persuaded to withdraw from the Rumangabo national armybase, with, however, captured arms and supplies.
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8 October 2008
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The Ambassador of the DRC to the UN requested Council action to address “acts of aggression on the part of Rwanda” in relation to recent movements of Rwandan regular army troops into DRC territory to fight alongside Nkunda as well as a build up of Rwandan forces along the latter’s side of its border with the DRC. Rwanda denied the claims.
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7 October 2008
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Forces loyal to Nkunda overran the Rumangabo national army base, resulting in the displacement of thousands. Retreating government troops abandoned their weapons
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6 October 2008
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The Prosecutor of the ICC, Luis Moreno-Ocampo, called for renewed efforts by all actors, including regional and international organisations, to support and work together with the DRC and Uganda to arrest LRA leader Joseph Kony and his top commanders.
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29 September 2008
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During clashes between the DRC national army and Nkunda’s forces in North Kivu, Nkunda called for a rebellion against the Congolese government to liberate the country.
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17 September 2008
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The Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) launched attacks in the Orientale province of Northeastern DRC, displacing thousands from their homes and kidnapping 90 children.
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7 July 2008
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The ICC reversed its 2 July decision to release Thomas Lubanga Dyilo, leader of the rebel militia Union des patriotes congolais, accused of recruiting and using child soldiers, saying that he should remain in custody until a decision was made on the appeal by the prosecution.
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21 June 2008
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The Pact on Security, Stability and Development in the Great Lakes Region entered into force on 21 June following its ratification by eight of the 11 core countries of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR).
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24 April 2008
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The security Council's DRC Sanctions Committee decided to remove the name of deceased Congolese businessman Kisoni Kambale from its consolidated assets freeze and travel ban list, but decided to maintain the assets freeze imposed on entities associated with Kambale, Butembo Airlines and Congocom Trading House.
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19 June 2008
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MONUC reported that while western DRC appeared calm, several ceasefire violations had occurred in eastern DRC. In North Kivu clashes continued between the government army and the FDLR Rwandan Hutu militia.
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13 June 2008
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MONUC released a report accusing the Congolese national police of killing prisoners, destroying 200 buildings and looting homes in a violent crackdown on a separatist sect in late February in which at least 100 people died.
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11 June 2008
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The ICC suspended its first scheduled trial (of Thomas Lubanga, a militia leader charged with conscripting child soldiers in eastern Congo) after it appeared that the prosecution had withheld significant exculpatory evidence from the defence.
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7 - 8 June 2008
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The Council undertook a mission to the DRC as part of a broader visit to a number of African countries. The mission had questions about the militia disarmament process, the restructuring of the military and the prosecution of human rights violators from the army and the police.
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24 May 2008
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Jean-Pierre Bemba, former vice-president and leader of the main opposition party, the Mouvement de Libération du Congo, was arrested in Belgium on the basis of an ICC warrant.
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24 April 2008
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The DRC Sanctions Committee removed the name of Congolese businessman Kisoni Kambale, who is reported dead, from its consolidated assets freeze and travel ban list, though they maintained the assets freeze imposed on entities associated with Kambale: Butembo Airlines and Congocom Trading House.
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22 February 2008
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The Congolese-Tutsi leader of the rebel National Congress for the Defence of the People (CNDP), renegade General Laurent Nkunda, suspended the CNDP's participation in the peace agreement reached between the DRC government and rebels operating in eastern DRC.
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6 February 2008
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Congolese authorities arrested and transferred to the ICC Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui, a former militia leader charged with war crimes and crimes against humanity.
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23 January 2008
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Peace agreement is signed between the DRC government and armed rebels groups (including Nkunda's forces and the Mai Mai).
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6 to 22 January 2008
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Peace conference was held in Goma, capital of North Kivu, between government and armed rebel groups in the eastern provinces of DRC.
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Early December 2007
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DRC government forces launch major military offensive against those of renegade General Laurent Nkunda in North Kivu.
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9 November 2007
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An agreement, facilitated by the UN, was reached between the DRC and Rwanda. Kinshasa resolved to forcibly disarm and hand over to Kigali members of Hutu militia groups operating in eastern DRC suspected of responsibility for the 1994 Rwanda genocide.
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8 November 2007
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UN Development Programme coordinator in Ituri, Gustavo Gonzalez, stated that disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration of rebel forces and militias in Ituri was proceeding well.
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6 November 2007
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Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the DRC Ross Mountain emphasised that the main perpetrators of sexual violence were members of the FARDC, police and militias.
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3-5 November 2007
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Assistant Secretary-General for Political Affairs, Haile Menkerios, travelled to the DRC and Rwanda.
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3 November 2007
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16 former military commanders from Ituri region and 300 troops surrendered to MONUC for reintegration into Forces armées de la République Democratique du Congo (FARDC).
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| 27 October 2007 |
Militia commander, Kibamba Kasereka, leader of the Forces patriotiques Mayi-Mayi and 29 of his men surrendered to MONUC peacekeepers in North Kivu.
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25 October 2007
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Special Rapporteur of the Human Rights Council on violence against women, Yakin Ertürk highlighted DRC's particularly acute problems, in an annual report.
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18 October 2007
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Germain Katanga, former leader of an ituri armed group (Forces de resistance patriotique en Ituri, or FRPI) was handed over to the International Criminal Court (ICC).
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| 15 October 2007 |
The Secretary-General's Special Representative for the DRC, William Lacy Swing, and MONUC Force Commander General Babacar Gaye met DRC President Joseph Kabila to discuss the continued violence in North Kivu.
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14 October 2007
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Renegade General Nkunda rejected the government's ultimatum for stopping hostilities and integrating his forces into the army.
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8 October 2007
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Renegade General Nkunda declared the truce nullified in the face of continuing violent clashes with government forces in eastern DRC. He, however, proposed a truce two days later after suffering heavy losses and offered 500 of his troops for demobilisation.
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26 September 2007
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Six people were killed in a gunfight between Ugandan and DRC troops near Lake Albert, marking the second time in two months that fighting had broken out between troops from the two countries.
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6 September 2007
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UN mediators announced a ceasefire between the government army and Nkunda's forces.
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27 August 2007
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A meeting of officials from Burundi, the DRC, Rwanda and Uganda was held in Kigali to consider regional security concerns.
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| 10 August 2007 |
The Council adopted resolution 1771 modified the arms embargo, exempting the government from the embargo regarding arms and technical training and assistance being used by DRC army and police units, except in the districts of North and South Kivu and Ituri where only technical training and assistance was exempted.
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| 31July 2007 |
Bemba's leave of absence from the Senate expired, but he refused to return to the DRC from Portugal because of lack of security guarantees by the government.
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| 23 July 2007 |
In a presidential statement (S/PRST/2007/28), the Council expressed deep concern at the deteriorating security situation in the east of the DRC and urged a political solution to the crisis. In an interesting development, it provided specific policy guidance relevant to the use of force if necessary.
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| 9 July 2007 |
The body of a prominent politician, Floribert Chui Bin Kositi, provincial secretary of the Congolese Rally for Democracy (RCD), was discovered in Goma, capital of North Kivu. His body was reported to bear marks evidencing a violent attack.
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June 2007
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Serge Maheshe, a broadcaster with the UN-backed Radio Okapi, was shot dead.
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Mid-April 2007
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Bemba flew to Portugal and the Congolese public prosecutor reportedly requested the senate to lift Bemba's immunity.
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29 March 2007
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The Council sanctioned two individuals and five entities found to have either violated the arms embargo or refused to disarm.
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Late March 2007
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Heavy fighting between supporters of President Joseph Kabila and opposition leader and Senator Jean-Pierre Bemba erupted after a government ultimatum that Bemba's supporters disarm. MONUC intervened and quelled the fighting. About 200 of Bemba's fighters reportedly agreed to lay down arms and integrate into the army.
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| early February 2007 |
Supporters of President Joseph Kabila and Jean-Pierre Bemba clashed in western DRC, leaving 77 dead. In eastern DRC, fighting between Congolese armed forces and the Forces démocratiques pour la libération du Rwanda (FDLR) flared, leading to the displacement of 10,000 persons.
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| 26-27 January 2007 |
On his first official trip to the DRC, the Secretary-General visited Kinshasa and sought to allay concerns about imminent cutbacks on MONUC's size.
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| 19 January 2007 |
The new senate was elected with the majority going to Kabila's alliance. Former presidential candidate Jean-Pierre Bemba did secure a seat.
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| 14-15 December 2006 |
The second Great Lakes summit took place in Nairobi. The DRC, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda and Tanzania signed a security, stability and development pact, with reports of agreement on a security action plan to disarm militias and to "refrain from, prevent and punish" serious crimes.
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Late November 2006
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Fighting broke out in the eastern province of North Kivu, pitting government forces against militias loyal to dissident General Laurent Nkunda, displacing 150,000. After MONUC troops intervened, the militias seemed to retreat.
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26 November 2006
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The Supreme Court confirmed President Joseph Kabila's victory in the presidential elections.
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27 November 2006
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The Supreme Court decided against Bemba's complaints, maintaining the provisional results.
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18 November 2006
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Jean-Pierre Bemba's coalition made several accusations of fraud, filing a challenge before the Supreme Court.
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29 October 2006
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Results of the presidential elections indicated Joseph Kabila's victory with 58 percent of the votes.
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23 September 2006
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The candidates agreed to make Kinshasa a weapons-free zone and to the cantonment of their respective militias.
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| 22 September 2006 |
The new national assembly was inaugurated.
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| 8 September 2006 |
The results of the national assembly polls showed that no party won a majority of seats.
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| 28 August 2006 |
The International Criminal Court Prosecutor formally charged Ituri militia leader Thomas Lubanga with recruiting child soldiers.
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| 20 August 2006 |
Final results of the first round of presidential elections were posted.
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| 31 July 2006 |
The Council strengthened the sanctions regime.
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| 30 July 2006 |
Parliamentary polls and the first round of presidential elections took place.
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| 10-12 June 2006 |
A Council mission visited the DRC ahead of the elections.
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9 March 2006
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The electoral law was adopted
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17 March 2006
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Thomas Lubanga was surrendered by Congolese authorities to the International Criminal Court for crimes in Ituri.
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10 March 2006
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Candidate registration for the June elections began.
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17 February 2006
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The new DRC constitution was promulgated.
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27 January 2006
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The Council held a ministerial-level debate on the Great Lakes.
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23 January 2006
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Eight UN peacekeepers were killed in the DRC in combat with the Ugandan rebel Lord's Resistance Army.
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21 December 2005
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The Council strengthened the sanctions regime.
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| 15 November 2005 |
The Forces Armées de la Républic Démocratique du Congo began a military offensive against Mayi-Mayi rebels in Katanga.
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| 01 November 2005 |
A list of individuals subject to targeted sanctions was adopted.
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October 2005
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The DRC and Uganda discussed the Lord's Resistance Army issue under the Tripartite Plus One Joint Commission.
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16 September 2005
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The Tripartite Plus One Commission adopted a statement on the 30 September deadline for foreign troops to leave the DRC
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September 2005
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Lord's Resistance Army elements entered the DRC. Ugandan President Museveni threatened to intervene and Kinshasa set a deadline for all foreign groups to disarm.
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| 20 June 2005 |
Voter registration began.
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May 2005
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The Council expanded the arms embargo to include any recipient within the entire country's territory, and imposed a travel ban and assets freeze.
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March 2004
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The Council established a Sanctions Committee and a Group of Experts.
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July 2003
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The Council imposed an arms embargo in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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December 2002
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The Global and All Inclusive Agreement was signed.
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April 2002
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The Sun City Agreement was signed between some of the Congolese warring parties.
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January 2001
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Joseph Kabila was sworn in as president after the assassination of his father, President Laurent-Desiré Kabila.
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December 1999
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The Council established the UN Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC).
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July 1999
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The Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement was signed.
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August 1998
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Congolese insurgents, Uganda and Rwanda battle against President Laurent-Desiré Kabila.
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May 1997
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Laurent-Desiré Kabila was sworn in as president after a Rwandan and Ugandan-backed rebellion.
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1994-1996
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Rwandan Hutu extremists carried out attacks against Rwanda from Zaire.
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1994
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After the Rwandan genocide, Rwandan Hutu extremists fled to eastern Zaire.
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