Somalia
UN Documents

Selected Security Council Resolutions

• S/RES/1831 (19 August 2008) renewed AMISOM for six months.
• S/RES/1816 (2 June 2008) authorised action against piracy in Somalia.
• S/RES/1814 (15 May 2008) inter alia supported the Secretary-General’s phased approach to Somali issues; requested him to establish security arrangements for the relocation of the UN Political Office for Somalia (UNPOS) from Nairobi to a location in Somalia; and requested him to continue contingency planning for the deployment of a UN operation to succeed AMISOM.
• S/RES/1811 (29 April 2008) renewed the mandate of the sanctions Monitoring Group.
• S/RES/1801 (20 February 2008) renewed AMISOM for six months. 
• S/RES/1772 (20 August 2007) renewed AMISOM for another six months.
• S/RES/1766 (23 July 2007) renewed and expanded the Monitoring Group's mandate, threatened action against violators of the arms embargo and reinforced the political dialogue process.
• S/RES/1744 (20 February 2007) authorised African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM).
• S/RES/1732 (21 December 2006) was the resolution adopting the report of the Informal Working Group on General Issues of Sanctions (S/2006/997).
• S/RES/1730 (19 December 2006) was the resolution establishing new de-listing guidelines for all sanctions committees.
• S/RES/1725 (6 December 2006) authorised Intergovernmental Authority on Development Peace Support Mission to Somalia (IGASOM).
• S/RES/1724 (29 November 2006) renewed the Monitoring Group's mandate.

• S/RES/1676 (10 May 2006) renewed the Monitoring Group's mandate for six months.

• S/RES/1630 (14 October 2005) renewed the Monitoring Group's mandate.

• S/RES/1587 (15 March 2005) re-established the Monitoring Group to continue investigating and making recommendations and asked that it refined the draft list and assist the Committee to identify areas where the capacities of states in the region can be strengthened.
• S/RES/1558 (17 August 2004) re-established the Monitoring Group to continue investigating violations and make recommendations for additional measures.
• S/RES/1519 (16 December 2003) established the Monitoring Group to be based in Nairobi, Kenya to investigate violations of the arms embargo and make recommendations and prepare a draft list of violators subject to possible future measures by the Council.
• S/RES/1474 (8 April 2003) re-established the Panel of Experts to investigate violations, make recommendations, prepare a draft list of violators and assess capacities of states in the region to implement the embargo.
• S/RES/1425 (22 July 2002) elaborated on the scope of the arms embargo; established a Panel of Experts consisting of three members based in Nairobi, Kenya and mandated to investigate violations, assess states capacity, and provide recommendations to strengthen the embargo.

• S/RES/1407 (3 May 2002) requested a panel of experts.

• S/RES/1356 (19 June 2001) provided humanitarian and other exemptions to the arms embargo.

• S/RES/954 (4 November 1994) determined UN Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II)'s withdrawal.

• S/RES/897 (4 February 1994) revised UN Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II)'s mandate.

• S/RES/885 (16 November 1993) established the Commission of Inquiry to investigate the armed attacks on UNOSOM II personnel 5 June 1993.
• S/RES/837 (6 June 1993) the Council approved an extended application of the mandate under which persons responsible for attacks on UN forces and personnel are held responsible.

• S/RES/814 (26 March 1993) established UN Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II) under Chapter VII.

• S/RES/794 (3 December 1992) authorised Unified Task Force (UNITAF).

• S/RES/775 (28 August 1992) expanded and strengthened UNOSOM’s mandate to protect humanitarian convoys and distribution centres.

• S/RES/751 (24 April 1992) established UN Operation in Somalia I (UNOSOM I) and a Sanctions Committee.

• S/RES/746 (17 March 1992) supported the Secretary-General’s proposal to send a technical team to Somalia.

• S/RES/733 (23 January 1992) imposed an arms embargo.

• S/RES/421 (9 December 1977) established a sanctions committee to monitor the arms embargo against South Africa.
• S/RES/418 (4 November 1977) imposed an arms embargo against apartheid South Africa.
• S/RES/253 (29 May 1968) established the first Council sanctions committee to monitor the implementation of the sanctions measures in Southern Rhodesia.

Selected Presidential Statements

• S/PRST/2008/33 (4 September 2008) requested detailed planning on an international stabilisation force and peacekeeping force.
• S/PRST/2008/20 (12 June 2008) called for a ceasefire between Djibouti and Eritrea.
• S/PRST/2007/49 (19 December 2007) was a presidential statement setting an 8 February deadline for a peacekeeping assessment report.
• S/PRST/2007/19 (14 June 2007) underscored that the reconciliation congress should be comprehensive and should agree on a roadmap for the remainder of the transitional political process.
• S/PRST/2007/13 (30 April 2007) requested contingency planning for transition to UN peacekeeping in Somalia.
• S/PRST/2006/59 (22 December 2006) expressed the Council's concern over intensified fighting and called upon all parties to draw back from conflict.
• S/PRST/2006/31 (13 July 2006) expressed support for the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) and Transitional Federal Parliament (TFP) and willingness to consider the African Union (AU)'s request for an exemption to the arms embargo to allow for a Peace Support Mission (PSM) on the basis of a detailed mission plan.
• S/PRST/2006/11 (15 March 2006) commended President Yusuf and Parliamentary Speaker Aden for their efforts towards reconciliation and dialogue. 
• S/PRST/2005/54 (9 November 2005) urged the Transitional Federal Institutions (TFI) to ensure humanitarian access and provide guarantees for the safety and security of aid workers.
• S/PRST/2005/32 (14 July 2005) urged the Transitional Federal Institutions (TFI) to conclude without delay a national security and stabilization plan.
• S/PRST/2002/8 (28 March 2002) urged along the peace process and underlined the urgency to develop monitoring mechanisms that allowed legitimate financial transactions while preventing the flow of funds to terrorist groups.
• S/PRST/1999/31 (12 November 1999) raised concerns about the gross violations of the arms embargo.
• S/PRST/1999/16 (27 May 1999) raised concerns about the gross violations of the arms embargo.

Reports of Council Missions

• S/2008/460 (15 July 2008) was the report of the Council mission to Africa.
• S/2007/421 (11 July 2007) and   S/PV.5717 (16 July 2007) were respectively the report and the record of the Council meeting on its June visit to Africa.
• S/2007/347 (13 June 2007) contained the terms of reference for the June 2007 Council mission to Africa, including inter alia interest in the national reconciliation process in Somalia and the future role of the UN in the country.
• S/1994/1245 (3 November 1994)

Selected Secretary-General's Reports

• S/2008/466 (16 July 2008) was a report of the Secretary-General reiterating contingency planning for a possible UN peacekeeping force.
• S/2008/352 (30 May 2008) was a report on children and armed conflict in Somalia.
• S/2008/178 (14 March 2008) included an AU request for an $800 million UN support package.
• A/62/512/Add.6 (26 February 2008) was a Secretary-General’s report to the Fifth Committee outlining UNPOS’ additional resource requirements.
• S/2007/658 (7 November 2007)
• S/2007/381 (25 June 2007)
• S/2007/204  (13 April 2007)
• S/2007/115 (28 February 2007)
• S/2006/838 (23 October 2006)
• S/2006/418 (20 June 2006)
• S/2006/122 (21 February 2006)
• S/2005/642 (11 October 2005)
• S/1994/839 (18 July 1994) was the report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Somalia highlighting arms flow to the country.
• S/24343 (22 July 1992) was on the situation in Somalia and highlighted arms flow to the country.
• S/23829 (21 April 1992) was on the situation in Somalia and highlighted progress made in implementing the arms embargo.
• S/23693 and Corr. 1 (11 March 1992) was prepared in response to Security Council request in resolution 733.

Reports of the Sanctions Committee, Panel of Experts and Monitoring Group

S/2008/274 (24 April 2008) noted an increase in armed actions between the TFG and opposition groups and found that the arms embargo was having a limited impact on the conflict.
• S/2007/761 (19 December 2007) was the latest sanctions committee report.
• S/2007/436 (17 July 2007) was the letter from the Sanctions Committee chairman transmitting the latest Monitoring Group report.
• S/2007/154 and Annex (14 March 2007) was a report of the Sanctions Committee (established by resolution 751) concerning Somalia.
• S/2006/913 (21 November 2006) identified ten countries violating the arms embargo.
• S/2006/229 (4 May 2006) repeated the recommendation for “an integrated arms embargo”.
• S/2005/625 (22 August 2005) first recommended the “integrated arms embargo.”
• S/2005/813 (19 December 2005)
• S/2005/153 (14 February 2005) first specified a draft list of possible targets for secondary sanctions to the Committee.
• S/2004/1017 (30 December 2004)
• S/2004/604 (11 August 2004) included recommendations on strengthening the capacity of the arms embargo.
• S/2003/1216 (31 December 2003)
• S/2003/1035 (4 November 2003) was the second report of the Panel of Experts.
• S/2003/223 (25 March 2003) was the first report of the Panel of Experts which specifically identified clear patterns of arms embargo violations.
• S/2002/1430 (30 December 2002)
• S/2002/722 (3 July 2002) was the report of the Team of Experts.
• S/2001/1259 (21 December 2001)
• S/2000/1226 (14 December 2000)
• S/1999/1283 (28 December 1999)
• S/1998/1226 (28 December 1998)
• S/1997/16 (6 January 1997)
• S/1996/17 (15 January 1996) was the first report of the Committee and it covered the period from its inception through 31 December 1995.

Letters from the Secretary-General

S/2008/378 (10 June 2008) was a letter from the Secretary-General appointing Gilbert Charles Barthe, Matt Bryden, Charles M. Lengalenga, Ignatius Yaw Kwantwi-Mensah as the experts for the Monitoring Group. 
S/2008/370 (6 June 2008) was a letter from the Permanent Representative of Uganda to the president of the Security Council dismissing allegations from the Monitoring Group’s 24 April Report that Ugandan personnel sold arms to insurgents. 
S/2008/309 (9 May 2008) was the Secretary-General’s response to the AU’s request for UN assistance to AMISOM.
• S/2007/762 (27 December 2007) renewed UNPOS.
• S/2007/667 (13 November 2007) was a letter from the Secretary-General appointing Charles M. Lengalenga to replace Edwina Thompson who did not assume her functions as an expert for the Monitoring Group.
• S/2007/575 (28 September 2007) was a letter from the Secretary-General informing the Council of his appointment of the latest Group of Experts.
• S/2007/566 (20 September 2007) was a Secretary-General's letter reporting on progress with steps requested in resolution 1772, including strengthening UNPOS.
• S/2007/522 (27 August 2007) outlined the Secretary-General’s proposals for strengthening UNPOS.

  S/2006/1042 (28 December 2006) was the letter containing the Secretary-General's report on the implementation of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development Peace Support Mission to Somalia (IGASOM).
• S/2006/986 (15 December 2006), S/2006/313 (22 May 2006), S/2005/695 (2 November 2005) and S/2005/229 (6 April 2005) were letters from the Secretary-General appointing Melvin E. Holt, Jr., Harjit Singh Kelley, Joel Salek and Bruno Schiemsky as the experts for the Monitoring Group.
• S/2005/729 (16 November 2005) and S/2005/730 (21 November 2005) was an exchange of letters renewing the mandate of UNPOS.
• S/2004/676 (23 August 2004) and S/2004/73 (22 January 2004) were letters from the Secretary-General appointing Melvin E. Holt, Jr., Li Changsheng, John E. Tambi and Joel Salek as the experts for the Monitoring Group.
• S/2003/515 (30 April 2003) was a letter from the Secretary-General appointing Edward Howard Johns, Mohamed Abdoulaye M’Backe, Johan Peleman and Pavanjeet Singh Sandhu as the Panel of Experts. 
• S/2002/951 (22 August 2002) was a letter from the Secretary-General appointing Ernst Jan Hogendoorn, Mohamed Abdoulaye M’Backe and Brynjulf Mugaas as the Panel of Experts.
• S/2002/575 (23 May 2002) was a letter from the Secretary-General appointing Ian Anthony and Harjit Singh Sandhu as the Team of Experts. 
• S/26738 (12 November 1993) presented recommendations for United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM) following attacks.
• S/24868 (30 November 1992) recommended that Unified Task Force (UNITAF) be deployed.
• S/23445 (20 January 1992) was the letter from the Charge d’affaires of Somalia, Fatun Mohamed Hassan, requesting a meeting of the Security Council on the situation in Somalia.

• S/PV.5942 (23 July 2008) was a briefing by Ould-Abdallah.
• S/PV.5915 (18 June 2008) was a briefing by the Council mission to Africa.
• S/PV.5858 (20 March 2008) was a briefing by Special Representative Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah.
• S/PV.5837 (15 February 2008) was an AU briefing to the Council.
• S/PV.5805 (17 December 2007) was a Council briefing by SRSG Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah.
• S/PV.5792 (6 December 2007) was a Council briefing by John Holmes on his visit to Ethiopia, Sudan and Somalia.
• S/PV.5677 (21 May 2007) was a briefing by Under Secretary-General John Holmes.

Other Documents

SC/9388 (8 July 2008) was the Council press statement condemning the assassination of UNDP's Ali Osman Ahmed.
S/2008/271 (23 April 2008) was a letter from Spain on piracy issues.
A/62/7/Add.37 (24 March 2008) was a report of the ACABQ on the Secretary-General’s proposals for UNPOS.
SC/9203 (17 December 2007) was a press statement on SRSG Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah’s briefing.
S/2007/444 (18 July 2007) was a communiqué by the AU Peace and Security Council on the situation in Somalia.
DP/DCP/SOM/1/Rev.1 (2 July 2007) was the draft UNDP country programme document for Somalia (2008-2009).
SG/SM/10968 SC/9010 (30 April 2007) Ban Ki-moon’s speech to the Symposium on Enhancing the Implementation of Security Council Sanctions.
SC/8947 (2 February 2007) signalled support for African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM) and an all-inclusive reconciliation.
S/2006/486  (6 July 2006) was the letter including the EU statement on the agreement between the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) and Union of Islamic Courts (UIC).
SC/2006/442  (29 June 2006) was the letter from the Arab League on the first meeting between the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) and Union of Islamic Courts (UIC) on 22 June.
SC/8735 (31 May 2006) urged a ceasefire and compliance with the arms embargo.
SC/8722 (16 May 2006) expressed support for the Transitional Federal Institutions (TFI) and the intention to strengthen the arms embargo.
S/2006/166 (15 March 2006) was a letter from Austria transmitting the European Union (EU)'s statement on the opening session of the Transitional Federal Parliament (TFP) reiterating EU political, moral and material support for the TFI.
S/2006/14 (11 January 2006) was a letter from Somalia transmitting the Aden Declaration announcing that a parliamentary session would be held inside the country within thirty days.
SC/7849 (20 August 2003) was a press release reminding states of their obligations regarding the arms embargo and seeking cooperation of the OAU and IGAD.
SCA/1/02(09) (7 June 2002) was the note verbale to all states reminding them of their obligations to implement the arms embargo, and seeking the assistance of neighbouring states.
SC/7417 (29 May 2002) was the Committee’s press release on the note verbale sent to states and letters sent to the OAU and IGAD.
S/2000/809 (21 August 2000) was the Brahimi Report.
SC/6823 (13 March 2000) was the press release of the Committee in which it indicated its intention to send letters to all member states to remind them of their obligations to ensure strict implementation of the embargo; also on its decision to send letters to the OAU and IGAD seeking their cooperation; and endorsement of proposal to undertake a fact-finding mission by the Chairman to neighbouring states.
S/1995/234 (29 March 1995) was the note by the president of the Council formally establishing annual reports by, and improving the transparency of, all sanctions committees.
SC/5960 SOM/62 (5 December 1994) was the press release by which the Committee issued an appeal to individuals, national and international organisations for information on embargo violations.
S/1994/1245 (3 November 1994) was the report of the Security Council Mission to Somalia on 26 and 27 October 1994.
S/1994/1194 (21 October 1994) was the Note by the President of the Council naming the members of the mission to Somalia on 26 and 27 October 1994.
S/1994/653 (1 June 1994) was the report of the Commission of Inquiry established to investigate armed attacks on UMOSOM II personnel on 5 June 1993.
SC/5554 SOM/10 (10 February 1993) was the press release expressing the Committee’s concern with the lack of receipt of information from states.
S/PV.3039 (23 January 1992) was the verbatim record of the meeting of the Security Council at which resolution 733 was adopted.