| 24 September 2008 |
The EU’s High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy, Javier Solana, presented its mid-term review of the EUFOR operation in Chad and the Central African Republic. The Council unanimously adopted resolution 1834 renewing the mandate of MINURCAT until 15 March 2009. |
| 15 July 2008 |
The Council heard a Secretariat briefing in consultations on the Secretary-General’s latest progress report on the UN Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT) (S/2008/444).
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24 June 2008
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A follow-up military experts’ meeting was held in Senegal, when it was decided that Sudanese and Chadian troops would monitor the border together with regional military observers.
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21 June 2008
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The CAR government and two major rebel groups signed a comprehensive peace agreement in Libreville, a move seen as essential for a planned national political reconciliation conference. However, the rebel Front démocratique pour le peuple centrafricain (FDPC) did not sign as reportedly its leadership in Libya feared arrest in connection with proceedings at the International Criminal Court.
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16 June 2008
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The Council adopted a presidential statement, calling upon states in the region to implement the Dakar Agreement and expressing readiness to act against those who “constitute a threat to stability in the region or violate international humanitarian law.”
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12 June 2008
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The Peacebuilding Commission placed the CAR on its agenda, and Belgium was elected to chair the CAR country-specific configuration. Likely next steps in the short-term include agreement on the membership of the PBC’s CAR configuration and discussions with the government on peacebuilding priorities.
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9 June 2008
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The Dakar Agreement Contact Group held a ministerial-level meeting in Brazzaville to discuss plans to deploy a regional border monitoring force as provided for in the Agreement
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| 31 May - 10 June 2008 |
The Council undertook a mission to a number of African countries, including Chad, where it focused on the delivery of humanitarian assistance in eastern Chad and the north-eastern CAR and stressed its continued support for MINURCAT.
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30 May 2008
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In a letter from the Council’s President to the PBC Chairman, the Council referred the CAR for consideration by the PBC in response to a request from Bangui.
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13 May 2008
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The Council adopted a statement condemning the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) attack on Khartoum and warning that no retaliatory action should be taken against civilian populations, or that had an impact on stability in the region.
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10 May 2008
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Darfur rebel group Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) carried out an unprecedented attack near the Sudanese capital, Khartoum. The Sudanese government subsequently cut off diplomatic ties with Chad, saying it was complicit in the attack. This prompted Chad to close its border with Sudan.
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9 May 2008
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The CAR government and the north-western CAR rebel group Armée populaire pour la restauration de la démocratie (APRD) signed a ceasefire.
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1 May 2008
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The Council held consultations on Chad and the Central African Republic (CAR). Discussions included a briefing by Assistant Secretary-General Edmond Mulet on progress with the deployment of the UN Mission in the CAR and Chad and the EU Force. In a press statement, members expressed concern with the situation in eastern Chad and north-eastern CAR, encouraged the governments of both countries to promote national dialogue and also encouraged implementation of the Sudan-Chad Dakar Agreement (SC/9295).
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17 March 2008
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EU Force (EUFOR) was officially declared operationally.
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March 2008
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The security situation in the CAR further deteriorated after a group of Ugandan rebels belonging to the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) crossed the border from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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March 2008
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The rebel Armée populaire pour la restauration de la démocratie (APRD) was still active in the northwest, a region outside the area of operations of MINURCAT and EUFOR. There are reports that the APRD and the Chadian army have become embroiled in inter-communal tensions in the area, with a number of Chadian army incursions noted particularly in January through March. Displacement and abuse of civilians continues.
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28 January 2008
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The Secretary-General informed the Security Council of his intention to appoint Victor Da Silva Angelo of Portugal as his Special Representative for Chad and Central African Republic (CAR) and head of MINURCAT.
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12 December 2007
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The council expressed its concern over the situation in CAR and urged the government to engage in all-inclusive dialogue.
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3 December 2007
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The Council extended the mandate of BONUCA until 31 December 2007 (S/2007/703).
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November 2007
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An initial MINURCAT civilian nucleus was deployed.
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October-November 2007
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The northwestern rebel group Armée populaire pour la restauration de la démocratie (APRD) was apparently willing to negotiate a ceasefire in early October, but no progress seemed forthcoming especially after an attack on 26 November. (Two other groups signed agreements with the government earlier this year.)
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26 October 2007
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A CAR donors’ roundtable facilitated by the EU further underlined the country’s dire need for development aid. There appear to have been pledges of increased EU assistance, including for security sector reform.
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25 September 2007
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The Council unanimously passed resolution 1778, which established the UN Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT).
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19 September 2007
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Under Secretary-General Jean-Marie Guéhenno briefed the Council on major aspects of proposed deployments in the Central African Republic (CAR) and Chad.
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18 September 2007
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Central African Republic (CAR) confirmed its consent to proposed deployments by the EU and the UN.
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late August 2007
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Media reports suggested that the Central African Republic (CAR) was willing to follow up on plans to hold an all-inclusive national dialogue conference with UN support.
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27 August 2007
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The Council adopted a presidential statement expressing readiness to authorise deployments in Chad and the central African Republic.
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10 August 2007
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The Secretary-General unveiled new recommendations for peacekeeping in Chad and the Central African Republic, including an EU military component.
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23 July 2007
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EU foreign ministers said that military staff had been asked to plan a possible operation "in support of the multidimensional UN presence in eastern Chad and northeastern Central African Republic with a view to improving security in those areas."
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13 July 2007
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The Security Council heard a briefing by Under Secretary-General Jean-Marie Guéhenno on prospects for peacekeeping in eastern Chad and Central African Republic.
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3 July 2007
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The Security Council held consultations on the Central African Republic (CAR) with a briefing by the Secretary-General's Special Representative, Lamine Cissé. The Council issued a press statement encouraging CAR authorities to organise a dialogue with all political forces and civil society and expressed serious concern at reports of the use of disproportionate force by CAR government forces.
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26 June 2007
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The Secretariat mission concluded its trip to Chad and the Central African Republic.
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Summer 2007
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The humanitarian crisis in Chad and the Central African Republic (CAR) continued to be acute, with a continuing flood of refugees and internally displaced persons. In the Central African Republic, there are 300,000 displaced. In the northwest, the situation continued to deteriorate with army raids and increasing rebel activity along the Cameroon border. In the north-eastern area adjacent to Sudan, the situation seemed to have improved after peace agreements earlier this year.
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13 April 2007
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The Central African Republic government and the rebel faction Union des forces démocratiques pour le rassemblement (UFDR) signed a peace deal including a ceasefire and amnesty for the UFDR faction. However, conflict continued with other factions.
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4 April 2007
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Under Secretary-General John Holmes briefed the Council on the humanitarian situation in the region. Holmes suggested that, given Chad's reluctance, alternative options would be deploying a UN mission solely in the Central African Republic for the time being, or strengthening of the Central African Economic and Monetary Community's (CEMAC) military operation deployed in the Central African Republic (FOMUC).
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Spring 2007
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Hit-and-run rebel attacks continued. Central African Republic forces with French support managed to regain control over the northeastern town of Birao from the rebel group Union des forces démocratiques pour le rassemblement (UFDR).
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February 2007
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The Secretary-General presented finalised options on a UN operation in Chad and the Central African Republic. In Libya, Chad and Sudan agreed to re-energise the Tripoli Agreement and the Central African republic government and the Union des forces démocratiques pour le rassemblement (UFDR) signed a peace deal. Chad opposed the deployment of the UN advance mission and of an operation with a robust military contingent.
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January 2007
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The Council requested finalised options on a UN operation in Chad and the Central African Republic. Attacks against civilians, military conflict and humanitarian chaos continued unabated in Chad and the Central African Republic.
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December 2006
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Cautioning against deployment without a political process, the Secretary-General unveiled preliminary options on a UN operation in Chad and the Central African Republic. The situation in Darfur, Chad and Central African Republic continued to deteriorate. In Chad and the Central African Republic, government forces with French military support succeeded in containing recent rebel advances. But the lethality and coordination of rebel attacks seem to have stepped up in tandem with mounting desertions from government forces in Chad. The Council issued a presidential statement expressing concern on 15 December.
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| Late November 2006 |
A UN assessment mission visited Chad and the Central African Republic. However, in the absence of security, it was unable to visit the affected areas to assess requirements on the ground.
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| Late Fall 2006 |
The Central African republic requested increased military assistance from France and the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC). CEMAC, Chad (a CEMAC member) and France responded positively.
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| Fall 2006 |
Reports of rebel activity in the north continued. Concerns that the crisis in Darfur could spread into the Central African Republic, largely as a result of an increase in the regional flow of arms and the cooperation among CAR rebel groups, Chadian anti-government forces and pro-Khartoum Sudanese militias known as the Janjaweed. Those foreign militias regularly operate from northern Central African Republic into Chad and Darfur.
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August 2006
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The Council adopted resolution 1706 mandating a multidimensional UN presence in Chad and the Central African Republic and requested recommendations.
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February 2006
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An international donor's conference drew no new financial commitments.
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September 2005
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Skirmishes between the army and anti-government forces intensified. Rebels included former supporters of Boizize who claim he has not paid them promised bonuses. Bozize responded by sending elite presidential guard units into the northwest, which further provoked civilian fears as these soldiers are accused of burning villages. Throughout the region, armed bandits interfered with agriculture and commerce, often extorting money at roadside checkpoints.
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May 2005
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The country held an election, in which Francois Bozize competed with ten other candidates and won. The election was observed by a mix of national and international observers and was declared by them to be free and fair.
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| 2003 |
The country experienced a coup by Francois Bozize.
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| November 2002 |
With pro-Bozize forces controlling one-third of the country, the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC) decided to deploy a force to the central African Republic in November to replace Libyan troops. The 300-strong force is known as the Multinational Force of the CEMAC (FOMUC).
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| January 2002 |
A request by the Organisation for African Unity that the Council consider deploying UN peacekeepers to Central African Republic was not heeded.
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| 2002 |
The Chad-Central African Republic border was the scene of several skirmishes
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| 2001 |
Following the failed coup, then-Army Chief of Staff General Bozize was sacked and subsequently refused to answer the questions of a special inquiry committee. The refusal sparked a political crisis that resulted in a government attempt to arrest Bozize in November, whereupon Bozize fled to Chad - which refused to extradite him - and began an insurgency.
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| May 2001 |
Former-President Kolingba launched a coup. The putsch was defeated with the assistance of Libyan and Chadian troops and Congolese rebels. In intervening to defend Patassé, Chad hoped to prevent destabilisation from affecting its oil reserves, which lie near the CAR border. Patassé's government was accused of atrocities against members of Kolingba's Yokomba tribe in its response, while the capital was racked by looting.
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| 2000 |
The United Nations Mission in Central African Republic was followed by the United Nations Peacebuilding Support Office in the Central African Republic (BONUCA).
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| October 1999 |
The UN Mission in the Central African Republic was extended a final time until 15 February 2000. Patassé implored the Council to extend the mission through the end of 2000 to no avail.
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| 19 September 1999 |
The vote on 19 September 1999 was deemed a success, despite several postponements. Patassé was re-elected with 51.6 percent of the vote, and brought several members of the opposition into his cabinet. Nevertheless, political tensions remained high after the 1998 election produced near equal representation in the national assembly between government and opposition supporters. Hostility between the army, dominated by the southern Yakoma tribe of former-President General Andre Kolingba - a candidate against Patassé - and the Presidential Guard, dominated by Patassé's northern Sara group, threatened to reignite conflict. The UN had difficulty raising the necessary donor funds to restructure the forces, strengthen civilian police capacity and demobilise and reintegrate soldiers in accordance with the Bangui Agreements.
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| November-December 1998 |
The UN Mission in the Central African Republic supported legislative elections in November and December of 1998, and began preparations for a presidential vote in September of 1999.
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| March-April 1998 |
When French support was due to be phased out by mid-April 1998, the Secretary-General recommended a subsequent UN peacekeeping operation - the UN Mission in the Central African Republic (MINURCA) - which the Council authorised in resolution 1159 of 27 March 1998.
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| 6 August 1997 |
An 800-strong force under Gabonese command, with the logistical support of France - the Inter-African Mission to Monitor the Implementation of the Bangui Agreements (MISAB) - was deployed with the Council's endorsement in resolution 1125.
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| 27 January 1997 |
The Presidents of Gabon, Burkina Faso, Chad and Mali helped mediate a peace agreement between the rebels and then-Central African Republic President Ange-Félix Patassé, which resulted in the 'Bangui Agreements'.
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| 1996 |
Events that prompted the Council's involvement with the Central African Republic began when, provoked by a crisis over salary arrears alongside pervasive social and economic difficulties, there were three mutinies by members of the armed forces of the Central African Republic.
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1960
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The Central African Republic became independent from France in 1960.
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